This team of researchers at Utah State University examined a set of immune responses in serum samples from 125 autistic children and 92 controls. They measured antibodies to the MMR-II vaccine as well as autoantibodies to myelin-based protein (MBP); all children had been vaccinated with MMR-II. The autistic serum samples showed a significantly higher level of MMR bodies than controls, over 7-fold higher in one test. Over 90% of the autistic children who tested positive for MMR antibodies also tested positive for MBP autoantibodies, suggesting an association between the MMR response and autoimmunity in the brain. The authors concluded, “we suggest that an inappropriate antibody response to MMR, specifically the measles component thereof, might be related to pathogenesis of autism.”